Assault offences explained
Expert legal services for all types of offences against the person, including assault, grievous bodily harm (GBH), actual bodily harm (ABH), battery and common assault.
Accused of assault? Get expert legal advice and criminal defence representation immediately
Being accused of assault or an offence against the person can be a stressful and overwhelming experience.
These offences range from common assault to inflicting grievous bodily harm (GBH) with intent, and carry serious legal consequences, including fines, imprisonment, and a lasting criminal record.
Whether you are facing charges or need general legal advice, our expert team is here to protect your rights and provide clear, strategic guidance. We will assess your case, explore possible defences, and ensure you receive the strongest representation. Contact us today for expert legal support.
Types of Assault and Offences Against The Person
Common Assault and Battery
(Section 39 Criminal Justice Act 1988)
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Common assault occurs when someone either inflicts unlawful violence on another or causes another to fear immediate harm, even without physical contact.
A raised hand or threatening words could be enough for an offence. If violence is used, for example a push or a slap, it is called a “battery”. These are often seen as minor offences but can still lead to fines or imprisonment
Actual bodily harm (ABH)
(Section 47 Offences Against the Person Act 1861)
ABH involves causing injuries that are more than minor, such as cuts, bruises, or psychological harm. This is a serious offence that can lead to imprisonment.
Grievous bodily harm (GBH)
Section 18 and Section 20 Offences Against the Person Act 1861)
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GBH is one of the most serious assault offences, involving severe injuries such as broken bones or deep wounds. If charged under s.20 (intent or recklessness to cause some harm) or s.18 (intent to cause grievous bodily harm), you could face a lengthy prison sentence.
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Domestic Assault
Domestic assault charges can arise from incidents between partners, family members, or cohabitants. These cases often involve complex evidence and may include coercive control allegations. Our team provides expert legal support to help you handle these sensitive matters.
Assaulting an emergency or retail worker
Assaulting police officers, paramedics, NHS staff, or other emergency workers carries harsher penalties under UK law.
​The Crime and Policing Bill 2025 introduces a new standalone offense of assaulting a retail worker which can result in imprisonment, a fine, or both.
Assault and Offences Against the Person – Changing Laws, Stronger Penalties
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In 2024 and 2025, there has been a growing focus on offences involving public-facing workers. Assaults on emergency workers such as police officers, paramedics and NHS staff already carry enhanced penalties — but new provisions in the Crime and Policing Bill 2025 introduce a standalone offence for assaults against retail workers. This reflects a shift in how these cases are viewed by courts and prosecutors, with sentencing now increasingly reflecting the impact on victims rather than the level of physical harm alone.​​
Our team stays ahead of evolving legal trends and prosecutorial priorities the shifting focus of sentencing policy and the courts. From minor assault charges like common assault or battery, to serious offences like inflicting grievous bodily harm under sections 18 and 20 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861, we provide strategic legal support tailored to the evidence and the facts of your case. We’re here to help you move forward with confidence — and without a criminal record where possible.
